Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I. Functional Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 1.The musculoskeletal system
Unicellular and multicellular organisms
Cellular organization in multicellular organisms
Composition and Function of the Musculoskeletal System Summary
Review questions
Chapter 2.The Skeleton
Terminology
Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 3.Connective tissues
Functions of connective tissues
Ordinary connective tissues
Cartilage
Bone
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 4.The articular system
Structural classification of joints
Joint movements
Stability-flexibility classification of joints
Synovial joint classification
Flexibility, stability, and laxity in synovial joints
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 5.Joints of the axial skeleton
Joints between the vertebrae
Degeneration and damage in the vertebral column
Normal shape of the vertebral column
Abnormal curvature of the vertebral column
Joints of the pelvis
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 6.Joints of the appendicular skeleton
Joints and joint complexes
Shoulder complex
Elbow complex
Wrist complex
Hip joint
Knee complex
Rearfoot complex
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 7.The neuromuscular system
nervous system
Skeletal muscle structure
Muscle fiber structure and function
Kinesthetic sense and proprioception
Mechanical characteristics of musculotendinous units
Muscle architecture and function
Stretch-shorten cycle
Summary
Review questions
Part II. Musculoskeletal response and adaptation to loading
Chapter 8.Elementary biomechanics
Mechanics and biomechanics
Center of gravity
Stability
Center of pressure
Vector and scalar quantities
Moment of a force
Levers
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 9. Forces in muscles and joints
Selective recruitment of motor units to match functional requirements
Forces acting on the head in upright postures
moment of external forces versus the magnitude of internal forces
Forces about the hip joint in One-leg stance
Effect of squat and stoop postures on forces in the lumbar region
Swing and stabilization components of muscle force
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 10.Mechanical characteristics of musculoskeletal components
Stress - strain relationships in solids
Work, Strain Energy, and Kinetic Energy
Viscosity and viscoelasticity
Active and passive loading
Impact and Shock
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 11.Structural adaptation of the musculoskeletal system
Adaptation
Biopositive and bionegative effects of loading
Response and adaptation of musculoskeletal components to loading
Summary
Review questions
Chapter 12.Etiology of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries
Kinetic chain
Compensatory movements
Risk factors for Musculoskeletal Disorders
Summary
Review questions
Appendix
References
Index
About the Author
