Preface
Part I. The Basis for Outdoor Recreation
Chapter 1. Outdoor Recreation Meanings and Concepts
Defining Leisure
Defining Recreation
Defining Outdoor Recreation
Chapter 2. History of Anglo-European Outdoor Recreation
Ancient History of Outdoor Recreation
Development of Conservation Attitudes and Land Management in the United States
Land Preservation Gains Focus: Mid-1800s
Beginning of Conservation and Management as National Policy: 1890s to Early 1900s
Outdoor Recreation and Environmental Protection Flourish: 1960 to 1980
Later 20th Century: The Move to Privatization and Commercialization
Start of the 21st Century
Chapter 3. Benefits and Values of Outdoor Recreation
Benefits of Outdoor Recreation
Objectives of Outdoor Recreation Professionals
Chapter 4. Participation in Outdoor Recreation
Recent Participation Trends
Assessment of Trend Predictions
Chapter 5. Lifestyle Trends and Influences
Population Growth and Demographic Changes
Demographic Groups and Outdoor Recreation
Geographic Factors
Income
Transportation and Motorized Recreation
Technology and Media Growth
Education
Part II. Natural Resources
Chapter 6. Natural Resource Base for Outdoor Recreation
Land Resources
Water Resources
Wildlife and Plant Resources
Historic and Cultural Resources
Availability of Outdoor Recreation Lands
Chapter 7. Wilderness and Wildlands
Development of Wilderness Protection
National Wilderness Preservation System
Wilderness Concept Today
Wilderness Management
Chapter 8. Resource Management Concepts
Conservation, Preservation, and Wise Use
Use Concepts
Impact and Use Concepts
Ecosystem Management
Part III. Involvement of State and Federal Agencies
Chapter 9. National Park Service
Origin and Development
National Park Service Today
Recreation Involvement of the National Park Service
National Parks in Other Countries
Chapter 10. USDA Forest Service
Origin and Development
The USDA Forest Service Today
The National Forest System
Recreation Resources, Facilities, and Programs
USDA Forest Service Employment and Volunteer Opportunities
Chapter 11. Other Federal Land Management Systems
Bureau of Land Management
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Other Federal Agencies
Special Federal Systems
Miscellaneous Federal Designations
Chapter 12. Federal Water Resource Management
Army Corps of Engineers
Bureau of Reclamation
Tennessee Valley Authority
Natural Resources Conservation Service
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Environmental Protection Agency
Chapter 13. The Roles of State Agencies
History and Governing Authority
State Land Management Systems
Protection, Funding, and Acquisition of Lands for State Use
Sample State Agency Organizational Systems
Part IV. Local Governmental and Private Sector Impacts
Chapter 14. Local Government Participation
Legal Authorization
Local Management Structures
Park Development for Outdoor Recreation
Chapter 15. Economic Factors in Outdoor Recreation
Funding for Federal Programs
Financing for State and Local Programs, Facilities, and Land
Economic Concepts
Economic Impact of Outdoor Recreation
Chapter 16. Commercial Recreation, Private Recreation, and Nonprofit Organizations
Commercial Recreation
Private Recreation
Private Nonprofit Organizations
Part V. Human Interaction with the Environment
Chapter 17. Resource Management Challenges
Challenges to Public Land
Human Issues
Environmental Resource Issues
Planning for Ecological Sustainability and Recreation
Chapter 18. Planning
Principles of Planning
Nationwide Planning
State Planning
Local and Regional Planning
Site Planning
Chapter 19. Education for Outdoor Recreation
Professional Strands for Outdoor Recreation
Preparing for a Career
Preparing Professionals
Ethics
Chapter 20. Environmental Quality
Environmental Degradation and Protection
Potential Solutions
Are We Progressing?
Chapter 21. A Look at the Future
U.S. and World Trends
Trends in Outdoor Recreation
Issues and Needs in Outdoor Recreation Leadership
Future Leadership Needs
Summary
Appendix A. Nonprofit Organizations Involved With Outdoor Recreation and Natural Resource Protection
Appendix B. Legislative Acts Affecting Outdoor Recreation
Appendix C. Federal Financial and Technical Assistance Programs for Outdoor Recreation
Appendix D. Federal Agencies Involved with Outdoor Recreation
Appendix E. State Outdoor Recreation Offices
Glossary
References
Index
About the Authors
